The high-temperature usage environment of batteries is the main reason why their actual lifespan cannot reach the designed lifespan. As the temperature of the battery increases, the acceptance of charging current at a constant voltage will increase, and the battery life will be shortened by the impact of the total accumulated charge of overcharging.

At high temperatures, the increase in float charging current accelerates the accumulation of overcharging, as well as the rate of grid corrosion and gas generation and precipitation, thereby shortening the battery life. For every 10 ℃ increase in battery usage temperature, under a constant floating charge voltage, the battery life will be shortened by 50%. High temperatures can exacerbate internal chemical reactions, leading to water loss and increased grid corrosion. When the environmental temperature of the battery is high, the discharge capacity of the battery will be higher than the actual capacity, and the depth of discharge will also increase. Under storage conditions, high temperature, large self discharge, and short storage life.

When the ambient temperature is low:

Low temperature usage of batteries can lead to a decrease in battery capacity, a decrease in charging reception capacity, and a decrease in charging and discharging cycle life. The actual discharge capacity of the battery will become smaller. This is also the reason why all lead-acid batteries are not ideal for winter use. In addition, when the temperature is low in winter, excessive discharge is not allowed. Otherwise, as the density of the electrolyte decreases, it will cause the battery to freeze, causing irreparable damage such as the expansion and fragmentation of the battery plate, and bulging of the battery shell. When the ambient temperature of the battery is low, its discharge performance weakens and its capacity decreases. Under storage conditions, the temperature is low, self discharge is small, and storage life is long.

The function of ensuring normal energy conversion of the battery by adjusting the "float charging voltage" is "temperature compensation". Reasonable implementation of "temperature compensation" can effectively extend the service life of batteries and improve their efficiency.

How to achieve temperature compensation

Taking the communication DC switching power supply as an example, in order to achieve temperature compensation, it is necessary for the communication DC switching power supply to be able to monitor the temperature of the battery in real time and adjust the floating charge voltage for charging the battery in a timely manner based on the measured temperature. The monitoring unit in the communication DC switching power supply has the ability to monitor temperature and adjust float charging voltage.

For communication DC switching power supplies using 48 V battery packs, temperature compensation is usually based on 25 ℃, float charging voltage is based on 53.5 V, and is adjusted at -3 mV/℃ for each (2 V) battery.

For example, for the communication power supply of a 48 V battery pack, if a battery temperature of 10 ℃ is detected, the floating charge voltage is calculated as follows:

V floating charge=53.5 V+(10 ° C-25 ° C) × (-3 mV) × 24=54.58 V

For communication power supplies, the floating charging voltage of the battery is higher than 53.5 V in winter and lower than 53.5 V in summer, which is the result of temperature compensation and is conducive to better management and protection of the battery.

The influence range of temperature compensation

The temperature compensation function aims to minimize the impact of temperature on the battery, but it does not mean that with the adjustment coefficient of charging voltage, the battery can be used at any ambient temperature. Because the temperature compensation function only compensates for the chemical reaction activity of the battery under different temperature conditions.

When the ambient temperature is low, an increase in float charging voltage can also cause a series of problems such as increased float charging current and accelerated grid corrosion; When the ambient temperature is high, the float charging voltage decreases, which can also cause a series of problems such as insufficient battery charging. Especially for sites with significant changes in environmental temperature, this has a significant impact on the chemical reaction rate inside the battery.

Therefore, it is still necessary to use indoor air conditioning, fresh air system and other equipment to maintain the optimal working temperature of the battery at 20 ℃ -25 ℃ as much as possible, so as to maximize the capacity of the battery and not harm it.